Appendix 1: Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education, 2017

Bulmaro Martinez; Maura Biszewski

doi:10.7556/jaoa.2017.044

The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Department of Education maintains historical annual data on approved, funded, and filled AOA-approved positions, as reported by the National Matching Services (an AOA vendor) and the Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit survey tool. The current appendix includes an update for the 2015-2016 academic year. The AOA does not finalize postdoctoral training data until May of each calendar year. Trends and information on training slots from the AOA Match are also summarized.

Approved positions are the number of training slots awarded to a program by the Program and Trainee Review Council upon initial accreditation or through a request for an increase or decrease submitted by an already established program. Filled positions are the number of those approved training slots with a trainee enrolled in the program. Growth in programs and positions is primarily the result of new and expanded programs at institutions with new or already established AOA-approved residency programs.

The Figure depicts trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic postdoctoral training programs between academic years 2006-2007 and 2015-2016. The number of DOs in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education postdoctoral programs, total DOs in AOA internship and residency programs, and osteopathic medical school graduates all show continued steady growth between 2008-2009 and 2015-2016.

Figure.

Trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic postdoctoral training programs. Data may change and should be considered incomplete until finalized in the 2017 osteopathic medical education issue of The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (JAOA). Data for academic years 2006-2007 through 2014-2015 were previously published in the JAOA. ^aTotal college of osteopathic medicine (COM) graduates do not include previous years’ graduates. ^bTotal DOs in American Osteopathic Association (AOA) internships include trainees who matched to osteopathic internship positions during both the Match and post-Match scramble. ^cRestructuring of the AOA internship, effective July 1, 2008. Abbreviation: ACGME, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.

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Table 1 illustrates the distribution of AOA internship and residency and fellowship programs and trainees filling available positions by state. Compared with the previous year, the following 6 states and the District of Columbia increased their number of trainees by more than 50%: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Idaho, North Carolina, and Tennessee. The following 5 states have the greatest number of programs, positions, and trainees: Florida, Michigan, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. In addition, the number of training programs grew in 14 states, with Maryland sponsoring its first ever residency program in 2015.

Table 1.

Number of AOA-Approved Programs and Trainees Filling Available Positions as Reported by State, 2015-2016 Academic Year, as of May 31, 2016^a

State	Internship			Residency/Fellowship			Total
State	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Alabama	0	0	0	4	63	10	4	63	10
Alaska	0	0	0	1	9	14	1	9	14
Arizona	0	0	0	15	156	110	15	156	110
Arkansas	0	0	0	11	194	22	11	194	22
California	4	29	29	38	569	293	42	598	322
Colorado	1	8	2	13	194	87	14	202	89
Connecticut	2	18	11	4	40	34	6	58	45
District of Columbia	0	0	0	1	18	17	1	18	17
Delaware	1	19	17	1	24	9	2	43	26
Florida	7	116	67	100	1279	870	107	1395	937
Georgia	2	9	2	9	98	53	11	107	55
Idaho	0	0	0	1	12	6	1	12	6
Illinois	1	12	10	43	500	414	44	512	424
Indiana	0	0	0	4	45	27	4	45	27
Iowa	0	0	0	7	82	58	7	82	58
Kansas	0	0	0	1	20	19	1	20	19
Kentucky	2	14	5	12	135	56	14	149	61
Maine	0	0	0	7	79	36	7	79	36
Maryland	0	0	0	1	18	0	1	18	0
Massachusetts	1	4	4	4	37	25	5	41	29
Michigan	17	178	31	197	2327	1659	214	2505	1690
Minnesota	0	0	0	1	8	7	1	8	7
Mississippi	0	0	0	6	82	39	6	82	39
Missouri	3	15	7	27	212	151	30	227	158
Montana	0	0	0	2	22	10	2	22	10
Nevada	1	10	0	10	112	86	11	122	86
New Jersey	6	93	47	78	992	627	84	1085	674
New Mexico	1	4	0	7	86	0	8	90	0
New York	13	164	99	103	1339	799	116	1503	898
North Carolina	4	62	4	21	378	80	25	440	84
Ohio	6	51	27	105	1189	819	111	1240	846
Oklahoma	2	16	7	47	537	320	49	553	327
Oregon	1	12	8	12	129	107	13	141	115
Pennsylvania	20	156	80	115	1486	1048	135	1642	1128
Rhode Island	0	0	0	5	66	50	5	66	50
South Carolina	0	0	0	3	36	18	3	36	18
Tennessee	0	0	0	2	28	26	2	28	26
Texas	1	12	0	26	323	162	27	335	162
Utah	0	0	0	3	57	4	3	57	4
Virginia	2	21	9	16	260	152	18	281	161
Washington	0	0	0	10	140	102	10	140	102
West Virginia	5	33	3	19	208	136	24	241	139
Wisconsin	0	0	0	3	78	64	3	78	64
Wyoming	0	0	0	2	21	8	2	21	8
Total	103	1056	469	1097	13,688	8634	1200	14,744	9103

^a Data shown represent positions approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Program and Trainee Review Council and are not necessarily all funded. Data are current as of May 31, 2016. No internship or residency programs were approved by the AOA during the 2015-2016 academic year in the following states: Hawaii, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont.

Source: Training Programs by State: Year-End Reports, Division of Postdoctoral Training, AOA, Chicago, Illinois.

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Table 1.

Number of AOA-Approved Programs and Trainees Filling Available Positions as Reported by State, 2015-2016 Academic Year, as of May 31, 2016^a

State	Internship			Residency/Fellowship			Total
State	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Alabama	0	0	0	4	63	10	4	63	10
Alaska	0	0	0	1	9	14	1	9	14
Arizona	0	0	0	15	156	110	15	156	110
Arkansas	0	0	0	11	194	22	11	194	22
California	4	29	29	38	569	293	42	598	322
Colorado	1	8	2	13	194	87	14	202	89
Connecticut	2	18	11	4	40	34	6	58	45
District of Columbia	0	0	0	1	18	17	1	18	17
Delaware	1	19	17	1	24	9	2	43	26
Florida	7	116	67	100	1279	870	107	1395	937
Georgia	2	9	2	9	98	53	11	107	55
Idaho	0	0	0	1	12	6	1	12	6
Illinois	1	12	10	43	500	414	44	512	424
Indiana	0	0	0	4	45	27	4	45	27
Iowa	0	0	0	7	82	58	7	82	58
Kansas	0	0	0	1	20	19	1	20	19
Kentucky	2	14	5	12	135	56	14	149	61
Maine	0	0	0	7	79	36	7	79	36
Maryland	0	0	0	1	18	0	1	18	0
Massachusetts	1	4	4	4	37	25	5	41	29
Michigan	17	178	31	197	2327	1659	214	2505	1690
Minnesota	0	0	0	1	8	7	1	8	7
Mississippi	0	0	0	6	82	39	6	82	39
Missouri	3	15	7	27	212	151	30	227	158
Montana	0	0	0	2	22	10	2	22	10
Nevada	1	10	0	10	112	86	11	122	86
New Jersey	6	93	47	78	992	627	84	1085	674
New Mexico	1	4	0	7	86	0	8	90	0
New York	13	164	99	103	1339	799	116	1503	898
North Carolina	4	62	4	21	378	80	25	440	84
Ohio	6	51	27	105	1189	819	111	1240	846
Oklahoma	2	16	7	47	537	320	49	553	327
Oregon	1	12	8	12	129	107	13	141	115
Pennsylvania	20	156	80	115	1486	1048	135	1642	1128
Rhode Island	0	0	0	5	66	50	5	66	50
South Carolina	0	0	0	3	36	18	3	36	18
Tennessee	0	0	0	2	28	26	2	28	26
Texas	1	12	0	26	323	162	27	335	162
Utah	0	0	0	3	57	4	3	57	4
Virginia	2	21	9	16	260	152	18	281	161
Washington	0	0	0	10	140	102	10	140	102
West Virginia	5	33	3	19	208	136	24	241	139
Wisconsin	0	0	0	3	78	64	3	78	64
Wyoming	0	0	0	2	21	8	2	21	8
Total	103	1056	469	1097	13,688	8634	1200	14,744	9103

^a Data shown represent positions approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Program and Trainee Review Council and are not necessarily all funded. Data are current as of May 31, 2016. No internship or residency programs were approved by the AOA during the 2015-2016 academic year in the following states: Hawaii, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont.

Source: Training Programs by State: Year-End Reports, Division of Postdoctoral Training, AOA, Chicago, Illinois.

Table 2 shows the number of AOA-approved residency and fellowship programs and their approved and filled positions as reported by academic year and specialty. In academic year 2015-2016, 48% of residents are in the primary care specialties of family medicine (27%) and internal medicine (21%). In addition, 13% of residents are in emergency medicine.

Table 2.

No. of AOA-Approved Programs and Approved/Filled Positions as Reported by Academic Year and Specialty, as of May 31, 2016^a

Specialty	2013-2014			2014-2015			2015-2016
Specialty	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Anesthesiology	13	139	118	14	151	116	13	139	121
Anesthesiology and pain management	3	6	2	3	6	2	3	6	2
Pediatric anesthesiology	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Dermatology	30	179	125	31	209	136	33	226	150
MOHS micrographic surgery 3	4	3	4	5	2	5	6	4
Pediatric dermatology	NA	NA	NA	1	2	0	1	2	0
Diagnostic Radiology	17	195	128	16	187	114	14	156	112
Pediatric radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	NA	NA	NA
Vascular and interventional radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Emergency Medicine	50	1215	953	59	1373	976	63	1468	1080
Emergency medical service	2	3	1	1	1	1	NA	NA	NA
Family Medicine	227	3334	1982	252	3708	2170	258	3874	2314
Geriatrics (family medicine)	15	46	7	15	46	5	15	44	5
Internal Medicine	121	2223	1494	137	2728	1654	141	2977	1798
Cardiac electrophysiology	2	5	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Cardiology	27	178	129	29	193	136	30	207	144
Cardiology (interventional)	13	29	11	13	28	11	13	31	10
Critical care medicine	7	27	6	7	27	11	7	27	20
Endocrinology	5	13	6	6	17	6	5	15	6
Gastroenterology	18	85	56	20	101	67	23	120	76
Geriatrics (internal medicine)	11	36	1	9	30	0	10	34	2
Hematology and oncology	7	24	14	6	21	16	6	21	16
Infectious diseases	4	16	4	5	20	6	6	23	6
Nephrology	8	22	11	10	29	9	9	27	9
Oncology	2	6	2	2	7	2	2	7	0
Pulmonary (critical care)	11	50	30	13	66	32	14	69	43
Pulmonary medicine	3	7	0	2	4	0	1	2	0
Rheumatology	4	12	9	4	12	10	3	10	7
Transplant hepatology	1	2	0	1	2	0	NA	NA	NA
Neurology	9	96	64	11	126	70	11	129	78
NMM/OMM	8	43	18	9	46	20	8	41	17
NMM plus 1	26	83	25	27	86	22	31	102	29
Obstetrics and Gynecology	33	409	300	34	421	314	36	442	319
Female pelvic medicine	1	3	0	2	4	1	2	4	2
Gynecological oncology	3	9	9	3	9	7	4	12	8
Maternal and fetal medicine	5	17	12	5	18	16	5	17	15
Reproductive endocrinology	3	9	1	3	9	1	3	9	2
Ophthalmology	15	71	56	15	82	56	14	79	53
Orthopedic Surgery	39	590	492	44	676	498	44	700	534
Hand surgery	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Musculoskeletal oncology	1	1	0	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery	19	139	121	21	154	111	20	149	117
Otolaryngic allergy	3	9	2	3	9	1	3	9	2
Pathology	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Forensic pathology	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Pediatrics	20	292	187	22	328	200	21	316	207
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine	6	67	37	6	70	44	6	70	45
Preventive Medicine and Public Health	1	3	2	1	3	1	1	3	0
Preventive medicine (occupational and environmental)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	1	6	0
Proctology	2	5	2	2	5	2	2	5	2
Psychiatry	20	294	133	25	376	163	24	362	174
Child and adolescent psychiatry	4	18	8	5	22	7	5	22	8
Forensic psychiatry	1	4	0	1	4	0	1	4	0
Geriatric psychiatry	2	6	1	2	6	0	2	6	0
Surgery (General)	53	809	586	59	932	602	59	982	651
Cardiothoracic surgery	1	9	0	1	9	0	1	9	0
Critical care surgery	5	13	2	5	13	3	4	11	5
General vascular surgery	8	18	12	8	19	12	6	14	10
Neurological surgery	10	108	97	12	131	95	11	126	91
Plastic and reconstructive surgery	8	29	14	8	32	16	8	32	18
Urologic surgery	10	107	92	11	123	94	11	123	97
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine	3	52	43	3	52	42	3	52	38
Emergency medicine and internal medicine	11	122	76	9	105	71	8	101	65
Integrated family medicine/NMM	9	72	40	9	72	43	9	75	48
Integrated internal medicine/NMM	1	4	2	1	4	3	1	4	3
Pediatrics and internal medicine	1	10	7	1	10	6	1	10	5
Conjoint^b
Addiction medicine	1	6	3	1	6	0	1	6	3
Adult/pediatric allergy and immunology	2	10	8	2	10	10	2	10	9
Correctional medicine	2	6	0	2	6	0	2	6	0
Dermatopathology	2	4	2	2	4	2	2	4	0
Hospice and palliative medicine	12	28	6	15	34	7	15	34	14
Pain medicine	1	5	4	1	5	2	1	5	4
Pediatric emergency medicine	2	12	0	2	12	0	2	12	0
Sleep medicine	2	8	1	2	8	2	2	8	2
Sports medicine	23	64	25	24	71	30	24	72	31
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine	1	2	0	1	2	0	1	2	1
Internship	126	1256	615	121	1228	628	119	1232	568
Total	1124	12,791	8197	1207	14,331	8686	1216	14,920	9202

^a Approved positions are not necessarily funded. Data include fellowship programs, positions, and residents.

^b Addiction medicine, adult/pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology, hospice and palliative medicine, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not available; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system, (TIVRA) academic years 2015-2016. Data for the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

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Table 2.

No. of AOA-Approved Programs and Approved/Filled Positions as Reported by Academic Year and Specialty, as of May 31, 2016^a

Specialty	2013-2014			2014-2015			2015-2016
Specialty	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Anesthesiology	13	139	118	14	151	116	13	139	121
Anesthesiology and pain management	3	6	2	3	6	2	3	6	2
Pediatric anesthesiology	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Dermatology	30	179	125	31	209	136	33	226	150
MOHS micrographic surgery 3	4	3	4	5	2	5	6	4
Pediatric dermatology	NA	NA	NA	1	2	0	1	2	0
Diagnostic Radiology	17	195	128	16	187	114	14	156	112
Pediatric radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	NA	NA	NA
Vascular and interventional radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Emergency Medicine	50	1215	953	59	1373	976	63	1468	1080
Emergency medical service	2	3	1	1	1	1	NA	NA	NA
Family Medicine	227	3334	1982	252	3708	2170	258	3874	2314
Geriatrics (family medicine)	15	46	7	15	46	5	15	44	5
Internal Medicine	121	2223	1494	137	2728	1654	141	2977	1798
Cardiac electrophysiology	2	5	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Cardiology	27	178	129	29	193	136	30	207	144
Cardiology (interventional)	13	29	11	13	28	11	13	31	10
Critical care medicine	7	27	6	7	27	11	7	27	20
Endocrinology	5	13	6	6	17	6	5	15	6
Gastroenterology	18	85	56	20	101	67	23	120	76
Geriatrics (internal medicine)	11	36	1	9	30	0	10	34	2
Hematology and oncology	7	24	14	6	21	16	6	21	16
Infectious diseases	4	16	4	5	20	6	6	23	6
Nephrology	8	22	11	10	29	9	9	27	9
Oncology	2	6	2	2	7	2	2	7	0
Pulmonary (critical care)	11	50	30	13	66	32	14	69	43
Pulmonary medicine	3	7	0	2	4	0	1	2	0
Rheumatology	4	12	9	4	12	10	3	10	7
Transplant hepatology	1	2	0	1	2	0	NA	NA	NA
Neurology	9	96	64	11	126	70	11	129	78
NMM/OMM	8	43	18	9	46	20	8	41	17
NMM plus 1	26	83	25	27	86	22	31	102	29
Obstetrics and Gynecology	33	409	300	34	421	314	36	442	319
Female pelvic medicine	1	3	0	2	4	1	2	4	2
Gynecological oncology	3	9	9	3	9	7	4	12	8
Maternal and fetal medicine	5	17	12	5	18	16	5	17	15
Reproductive endocrinology	3	9	1	3	9	1	3	9	2
Ophthalmology	15	71	56	15	82	56	14	79	53
Orthopedic Surgery	39	590	492	44	676	498	44	700	534
Hand surgery	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Musculoskeletal oncology	1	1	0	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery	19	139	121	21	154	111	20	149	117
Otolaryngic allergy	3	9	2	3	9	1	3	9	2
Pathology	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Forensic pathology	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Pediatrics	20	292	187	22	328	200	21	316	207
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine	6	67	37	6	70	44	6	70	45
Preventive Medicine and Public Health	1	3	2	1	3	1	1	3	0
Preventive medicine (occupational and environmental)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	1	6	0
Proctology	2	5	2	2	5	2	2	5	2
Psychiatry	20	294	133	25	376	163	24	362	174
Child and adolescent psychiatry	4	18	8	5	22	7	5	22	8
Forensic psychiatry	1	4	0	1	4	0	1	4	0
Geriatric psychiatry	2	6	1	2	6	0	2	6	0
Surgery (General)	53	809	586	59	932	602	59	982	651
Cardiothoracic surgery	1	9	0	1	9	0	1	9	0
Critical care surgery	5	13	2	5	13	3	4	11	5
General vascular surgery	8	18	12	8	19	12	6	14	10
Neurological surgery	10	108	97	12	131	95	11	126	91
Plastic and reconstructive surgery	8	29	14	8	32	16	8	32	18
Urologic surgery	10	107	92	11	123	94	11	123	97
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine	3	52	43	3	52	42	3	52	38
Emergency medicine and internal medicine	11	122	76	9	105	71	8	101	65
Integrated family medicine/NMM	9	72	40	9	72	43	9	75	48
Integrated internal medicine/NMM	1	4	2	1	4	3	1	4	3
Pediatrics and internal medicine	1	10	7	1	10	6	1	10	5
Conjoint^b
Addiction medicine	1	6	3	1	6	0	1	6	3
Adult/pediatric allergy and immunology	2	10	8	2	10	10	2	10	9
Correctional medicine	2	6	0	2	6	0	2	6	0
Dermatopathology	2	4	2	2	4	2	2	4	0
Hospice and palliative medicine	12	28	6	15	34	7	15	34	14
Pain medicine	1	5	4	1	5	2	1	5	4
Pediatric emergency medicine	2	12	0	2	12	0	2	12	0
Sleep medicine	2	8	1	2	8	2	2	8	2
Sports medicine	23	64	25	24	71	30	24	72	31
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine	1	2	0	1	2	0	1	2	1
Internship	126	1256	615	121	1228	628	119	1232	568
Total	1124	12,791	8197	1207	14,331	8686	1216	14,920	9202

^a Approved positions are not necessarily funded. Data include fellowship programs, positions, and residents.

^b Addiction medicine, adult/pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology, hospice and palliative medicine, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not available; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system, (TIVRA) academic years 2015-2016. Data for the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

Editor’s Note: This article is an update of last year’s appendix (http://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2507727) on osteopathic graduate medical education.

Figure.

Trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic postdoctoral training programs. Data may change and should be considered incomplete until finalized in the 2017 osteopathic medical education issue of The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (JAOA). Data for academic years 2006-2007 through 2014-2015 were previously published in the JAOA. ^aTotal college of osteopathic medicine (COM) graduates do not include previous years’ graduates. ^bTotal DOs in American Osteopathic Association (AOA) internships include trainees who matched to osteopathic internship positions during both the Match and post-Match scramble. ^cRestructuring of the AOA internship, effective July 1, 2008. Abbreviation: ACGME, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.

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Table 1.

Number of AOA-Approved Programs and Trainees Filling Available Positions as Reported by State, 2015-2016 Academic Year, as of May 31, 2016^a

State	Internship			Residency/Fellowship			Total
State	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Alabama	0	0	0	4	63	10	4	63	10
Alaska	0	0	0	1	9	14	1	9	14
Arizona	0	0	0	15	156	110	15	156	110
Arkansas	0	0	0	11	194	22	11	194	22
California	4	29	29	38	569	293	42	598	322
Colorado	1	8	2	13	194	87	14	202	89
Connecticut	2	18	11	4	40	34	6	58	45
District of Columbia	0	0	0	1	18	17	1	18	17
Delaware	1	19	17	1	24	9	2	43	26
Florida	7	116	67	100	1279	870	107	1395	937
Georgia	2	9	2	9	98	53	11	107	55
Idaho	0	0	0	1	12	6	1	12	6
Illinois	1	12	10	43	500	414	44	512	424
Indiana	0	0	0	4	45	27	4	45	27
Iowa	0	0	0	7	82	58	7	82	58
Kansas	0	0	0	1	20	19	1	20	19
Kentucky	2	14	5	12	135	56	14	149	61
Maine	0	0	0	7	79	36	7	79	36
Maryland	0	0	0	1	18	0	1	18	0
Massachusetts	1	4	4	4	37	25	5	41	29
Michigan	17	178	31	197	2327	1659	214	2505	1690
Minnesota	0	0	0	1	8	7	1	8	7
Mississippi	0	0	0	6	82	39	6	82	39
Missouri	3	15	7	27	212	151	30	227	158
Montana	0	0	0	2	22	10	2	22	10
Nevada	1	10	0	10	112	86	11	122	86
New Jersey	6	93	47	78	992	627	84	1085	674
New Mexico	1	4	0	7	86	0	8	90	0
New York	13	164	99	103	1339	799	116	1503	898
North Carolina	4	62	4	21	378	80	25	440	84
Ohio	6	51	27	105	1189	819	111	1240	846
Oklahoma	2	16	7	47	537	320	49	553	327
Oregon	1	12	8	12	129	107	13	141	115
Pennsylvania	20	156	80	115	1486	1048	135	1642	1128
Rhode Island	0	0	0	5	66	50	5	66	50
South Carolina	0	0	0	3	36	18	3	36	18
Tennessee	0	0	0	2	28	26	2	28	26
Texas	1	12	0	26	323	162	27	335	162
Utah	0	0	0	3	57	4	3	57	4
Virginia	2	21	9	16	260	152	18	281	161
Washington	0	0	0	10	140	102	10	140	102
West Virginia	5	33	3	19	208	136	24	241	139
Wisconsin	0	0	0	3	78	64	3	78	64
Wyoming	0	0	0	2	21	8	2	21	8
Total	103	1056	469	1097	13,688	8634	1200	14,744	9103

^a Data shown represent positions approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Program and Trainee Review Council and are not necessarily all funded. Data are current as of May 31, 2016. No internship or residency programs were approved by the AOA during the 2015-2016 academic year in the following states: Hawaii, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont.

Source: Training Programs by State: Year-End Reports, Division of Postdoctoral Training, AOA, Chicago, Illinois.

View Large

Table 1.

Number of AOA-Approved Programs and Trainees Filling Available Positions as Reported by State, 2015-2016 Academic Year, as of May 31, 2016^a

State	Internship			Residency/Fellowship			Total
State	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Alabama	0	0	0	4	63	10	4	63	10
Alaska	0	0	0	1	9	14	1	9	14
Arizona	0	0	0	15	156	110	15	156	110
Arkansas	0	0	0	11	194	22	11	194	22
California	4	29	29	38	569	293	42	598	322
Colorado	1	8	2	13	194	87	14	202	89
Connecticut	2	18	11	4	40	34	6	58	45
District of Columbia	0	0	0	1	18	17	1	18	17
Delaware	1	19	17	1	24	9	2	43	26
Florida	7	116	67	100	1279	870	107	1395	937
Georgia	2	9	2	9	98	53	11	107	55
Idaho	0	0	0	1	12	6	1	12	6
Illinois	1	12	10	43	500	414	44	512	424
Indiana	0	0	0	4	45	27	4	45	27
Iowa	0	0	0	7	82	58	7	82	58
Kansas	0	0	0	1	20	19	1	20	19
Kentucky	2	14	5	12	135	56	14	149	61
Maine	0	0	0	7	79	36	7	79	36
Maryland	0	0	0	1	18	0	1	18	0
Massachusetts	1	4	4	4	37	25	5	41	29
Michigan	17	178	31	197	2327	1659	214	2505	1690
Minnesota	0	0	0	1	8	7	1	8	7
Mississippi	0	0	0	6	82	39	6	82	39
Missouri	3	15	7	27	212	151	30	227	158
Montana	0	0	0	2	22	10	2	22	10
Nevada	1	10	0	10	112	86	11	122	86
New Jersey	6	93	47	78	992	627	84	1085	674
New Mexico	1	4	0	7	86	0	8	90	0
New York	13	164	99	103	1339	799	116	1503	898
North Carolina	4	62	4	21	378	80	25	440	84
Ohio	6	51	27	105	1189	819	111	1240	846
Oklahoma	2	16	7	47	537	320	49	553	327
Oregon	1	12	8	12	129	107	13	141	115
Pennsylvania	20	156	80	115	1486	1048	135	1642	1128
Rhode Island	0	0	0	5	66	50	5	66	50
South Carolina	0	0	0	3	36	18	3	36	18
Tennessee	0	0	0	2	28	26	2	28	26
Texas	1	12	0	26	323	162	27	335	162
Utah	0	0	0	3	57	4	3	57	4
Virginia	2	21	9	16	260	152	18	281	161
Washington	0	0	0	10	140	102	10	140	102
West Virginia	5	33	3	19	208	136	24	241	139
Wisconsin	0	0	0	3	78	64	3	78	64
Wyoming	0	0	0	2	21	8	2	21	8
Total	103	1056	469	1097	13,688	8634	1200	14,744	9103

^a Data shown represent positions approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Program and Trainee Review Council and are not necessarily all funded. Data are current as of May 31, 2016. No internship or residency programs were approved by the AOA during the 2015-2016 academic year in the following states: Hawaii, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont.

Source: Training Programs by State: Year-End Reports, Division of Postdoctoral Training, AOA, Chicago, Illinois.

Table 2.

No. of AOA-Approved Programs and Approved/Filled Positions as Reported by Academic Year and Specialty, as of May 31, 2016^a

Specialty	2013-2014			2014-2015			2015-2016
Specialty	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Anesthesiology	13	139	118	14	151	116	13	139	121
Anesthesiology and pain management	3	6	2	3	6	2	3	6	2
Pediatric anesthesiology	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Dermatology	30	179	125	31	209	136	33	226	150
MOHS micrographic surgery 3	4	3	4	5	2	5	6	4
Pediatric dermatology	NA	NA	NA	1	2	0	1	2	0
Diagnostic Radiology	17	195	128	16	187	114	14	156	112
Pediatric radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	NA	NA	NA
Vascular and interventional radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Emergency Medicine	50	1215	953	59	1373	976	63	1468	1080
Emergency medical service	2	3	1	1	1	1	NA	NA	NA
Family Medicine	227	3334	1982	252	3708	2170	258	3874	2314
Geriatrics (family medicine)	15	46	7	15	46	5	15	44	5
Internal Medicine	121	2223	1494	137	2728	1654	141	2977	1798
Cardiac electrophysiology	2	5	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Cardiology	27	178	129	29	193	136	30	207	144
Cardiology (interventional)	13	29	11	13	28	11	13	31	10
Critical care medicine	7	27	6	7	27	11	7	27	20
Endocrinology	5	13	6	6	17	6	5	15	6
Gastroenterology	18	85	56	20	101	67	23	120	76
Geriatrics (internal medicine)	11	36	1	9	30	0	10	34	2
Hematology and oncology	7	24	14	6	21	16	6	21	16
Infectious diseases	4	16	4	5	20	6	6	23	6
Nephrology	8	22	11	10	29	9	9	27	9
Oncology	2	6	2	2	7	2	2	7	0
Pulmonary (critical care)	11	50	30	13	66	32	14	69	43
Pulmonary medicine	3	7	0	2	4	0	1	2	0
Rheumatology	4	12	9	4	12	10	3	10	7
Transplant hepatology	1	2	0	1	2	0	NA	NA	NA
Neurology	9	96	64	11	126	70	11	129	78
NMM/OMM	8	43	18	9	46	20	8	41	17
NMM plus 1	26	83	25	27	86	22	31	102	29
Obstetrics and Gynecology	33	409	300	34	421	314	36	442	319
Female pelvic medicine	1	3	0	2	4	1	2	4	2
Gynecological oncology	3	9	9	3	9	7	4	12	8
Maternal and fetal medicine	5	17	12	5	18	16	5	17	15
Reproductive endocrinology	3	9	1	3	9	1	3	9	2
Ophthalmology	15	71	56	15	82	56	14	79	53
Orthopedic Surgery	39	590	492	44	676	498	44	700	534
Hand surgery	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Musculoskeletal oncology	1	1	0	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery	19	139	121	21	154	111	20	149	117
Otolaryngic allergy	3	9	2	3	9	1	3	9	2
Pathology	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Forensic pathology	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Pediatrics	20	292	187	22	328	200	21	316	207
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine	6	67	37	6	70	44	6	70	45
Preventive Medicine and Public Health	1	3	2	1	3	1	1	3	0
Preventive medicine (occupational and environmental)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	1	6	0
Proctology	2	5	2	2	5	2	2	5	2
Psychiatry	20	294	133	25	376	163	24	362	174
Child and adolescent psychiatry	4	18	8	5	22	7	5	22	8
Forensic psychiatry	1	4	0	1	4	0	1	4	0
Geriatric psychiatry	2	6	1	2	6	0	2	6	0
Surgery (General)	53	809	586	59	932	602	59	982	651
Cardiothoracic surgery	1	9	0	1	9	0	1	9	0
Critical care surgery	5	13	2	5	13	3	4	11	5
General vascular surgery	8	18	12	8	19	12	6	14	10
Neurological surgery	10	108	97	12	131	95	11	126	91
Plastic and reconstructive surgery	8	29	14	8	32	16	8	32	18
Urologic surgery	10	107	92	11	123	94	11	123	97
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine	3	52	43	3	52	42	3	52	38
Emergency medicine and internal medicine	11	122	76	9	105	71	8	101	65
Integrated family medicine/NMM	9	72	40	9	72	43	9	75	48
Integrated internal medicine/NMM	1	4	2	1	4	3	1	4	3
Pediatrics and internal medicine	1	10	7	1	10	6	1	10	5
Conjoint^b
Addiction medicine	1	6	3	1	6	0	1	6	3
Adult/pediatric allergy and immunology	2	10	8	2	10	10	2	10	9
Correctional medicine	2	6	0	2	6	0	2	6	0
Dermatopathology	2	4	2	2	4	2	2	4	0
Hospice and palliative medicine	12	28	6	15	34	7	15	34	14
Pain medicine	1	5	4	1	5	2	1	5	4
Pediatric emergency medicine	2	12	0	2	12	0	2	12	0
Sleep medicine	2	8	1	2	8	2	2	8	2
Sports medicine	23	64	25	24	71	30	24	72	31
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine	1	2	0	1	2	0	1	2	1
Internship	126	1256	615	121	1228	628	119	1232	568
Total	1124	12,791	8197	1207	14,331	8686	1216	14,920	9202

^a Approved positions are not necessarily funded. Data include fellowship programs, positions, and residents.

^b Addiction medicine, adult/pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology, hospice and palliative medicine, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not available; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system, (TIVRA) academic years 2015-2016. Data for the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

View Large

Table 2.

No. of AOA-Approved Programs and Approved/Filled Positions as Reported by Academic Year and Specialty, as of May 31, 2016^a

Specialty	2013-2014			2014-2015			2015-2016
Specialty	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees	Programs	Positions	Trainees
Anesthesiology	13	139	118	14	151	116	13	139	121
Anesthesiology and pain management	3	6	2	3	6	2	3	6	2
Pediatric anesthesiology	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Dermatology	30	179	125	31	209	136	33	226	150
MOHS micrographic surgery 3	4	3	4	5	2	5	6	4
Pediatric dermatology	NA	NA	NA	1	2	0	1	2	0
Diagnostic Radiology	17	195	128	16	187	114	14	156	112
Pediatric radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	NA	NA	NA
Vascular and interventional radiology	1	3	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Emergency Medicine	50	1215	953	59	1373	976	63	1468	1080
Emergency medical service	2	3	1	1	1	1	NA	NA	NA
Family Medicine	227	3334	1982	252	3708	2170	258	3874	2314
Geriatrics (family medicine)	15	46	7	15	46	5	15	44	5
Internal Medicine	121	2223	1494	137	2728	1654	141	2977	1798
Cardiac electrophysiology	2	5	0	1	3	0	1	3	0
Cardiology	27	178	129	29	193	136	30	207	144
Cardiology (interventional)	13	29	11	13	28	11	13	31	10
Critical care medicine	7	27	6	7	27	11	7	27	20
Endocrinology	5	13	6	6	17	6	5	15	6
Gastroenterology	18	85	56	20	101	67	23	120	76
Geriatrics (internal medicine)	11	36	1	9	30	0	10	34	2
Hematology and oncology	7	24	14	6	21	16	6	21	16
Infectious diseases	4	16	4	5	20	6	6	23	6
Nephrology	8	22	11	10	29	9	9	27	9
Oncology	2	6	2	2	7	2	2	7	0
Pulmonary (critical care)	11	50	30	13	66	32	14	69	43
Pulmonary medicine	3	7	0	2	4	0	1	2	0
Rheumatology	4	12	9	4	12	10	3	10	7
Transplant hepatology	1	2	0	1	2	0	NA	NA	NA
Neurology	9	96	64	11	126	70	11	129	78
NMM/OMM	8	43	18	9	46	20	8	41	17
NMM plus 1	26	83	25	27	86	22	31	102	29
Obstetrics and Gynecology	33	409	300	34	421	314	36	442	319
Female pelvic medicine	1	3	0	2	4	1	2	4	2
Gynecological oncology	3	9	9	3	9	7	4	12	8
Maternal and fetal medicine	5	17	12	5	18	16	5	17	15
Reproductive endocrinology	3	9	1	3	9	1	3	9	2
Ophthalmology	15	71	56	15	82	56	14	79	53
Orthopedic Surgery	39	590	492	44	676	498	44	700	534
Hand surgery	1	3	0	1	3	1	1	3	1
Musculoskeletal oncology	1	1	0	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery	19	139	121	21	154	111	20	149	117
Otolaryngic allergy	3	9	2	3	9	1	3	9	2
Pathology	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Forensic pathology	1	1	0	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Pediatrics	20	292	187	22	328	200	21	316	207
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine	6	67	37	6	70	44	6	70	45
Preventive Medicine and Public Health	1	3	2	1	3	1	1	3	0
Preventive medicine (occupational and environmental)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	1	6	0
Proctology	2	5	2	2	5	2	2	5	2
Psychiatry	20	294	133	25	376	163	24	362	174
Child and adolescent psychiatry	4	18	8	5	22	7	5	22	8
Forensic psychiatry	1	4	0	1	4	0	1	4	0
Geriatric psychiatry	2	6	1	2	6	0	2	6	0
Surgery (General)	53	809	586	59	932	602	59	982	651
Cardiothoracic surgery	1	9	0	1	9	0	1	9	0
Critical care surgery	5	13	2	5	13	3	4	11	5
General vascular surgery	8	18	12	8	19	12	6	14	10
Neurological surgery	10	108	97	12	131	95	11	126	91
Plastic and reconstructive surgery	8	29	14	8	32	16	8	32	18
Urologic surgery	10	107	92	11	123	94	11	123	97
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine	3	52	43	3	52	42	3	52	38
Emergency medicine and internal medicine	11	122	76	9	105	71	8	101	65
Integrated family medicine/NMM	9	72	40	9	72	43	9	75	48
Integrated internal medicine/NMM	1	4	2	1	4	3	1	4	3
Pediatrics and internal medicine	1	10	7	1	10	6	1	10	5
Conjoint^b
Addiction medicine	1	6	3	1	6	0	1	6	3
Adult/pediatric allergy and immunology	2	10	8	2	10	10	2	10	9
Correctional medicine	2	6	0	2	6	0	2	6	0
Dermatopathology	2	4	2	2	4	2	2	4	0
Hospice and palliative medicine	12	28	6	15	34	7	15	34	14
Pain medicine	1	5	4	1	5	2	1	5	4
Pediatric emergency medicine	2	12	0	2	12	0	2	12	0
Sleep medicine	2	8	1	2	8	2	2	8	2
Sports medicine	23	64	25	24	71	30	24	72	31
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine	1	2	0	1	2	0	1	2	1
Internship	126	1256	615	121	1228	628	119	1232	568
Total	1124	12,791	8197	1207	14,331	8686	1216	14,920	9202

^a Approved positions are not necessarily funded. Data include fellowship programs, positions, and residents.

^b Addiction medicine, adult/pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology, hospice and palliative medicine, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not available; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system, (TIVRA) academic years 2015-2016. Data for the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

Appendix 1: Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education, 2017

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